The processing methods and characteristics of bent pipes and irregular bent pipes:
Based on the manufacturing methods, bent pipes can be divided into mandrel bent pipes, stamping bent pipes, and welded bent pipes. Mandrel bent pipes can further be categorized into cold mandrel bent pipes and hot mandrel bent pipes. Bent pipes are pipe fittings used to change the direction of a pipeline and are commonly used at pipe ends and junctions.
Mandrel bent pipes have the advantages of excellent ductility, high pressure resistance, and low resistance. Therefore, they are often used in construction. Common forms of bent pipes include bent elbows, U-shaped bent elbows, forward and backward bends, and arc bent elbows. A forward and backward bend is a device with two elbows. The distance between the centerlines of the bent ends, known as the height before and after the bending experiment, is denoted by the letter "h." When the heater chamber is perpendicular to the radiator connected to the main and branch pipes, it does not make contact with the faces on the same connector on the radiator and usually needs to be bent back.
A U-shaped pipe is a pipe fitting with a semicircular shape. The distance "d" between the centerlines at both ends of the pipe is twice the bending radius "R." U-shaped pipes can be used to replace two 90° elbows and are typically used to connect two vertically arranged radiators. Arc bent pipes are pipe fittings with different bending angles, with a central angle of 90° and side angles of 135°. Arc bent pipes are used to bypass other system pipelines, and they are typically used in pipelines supplying hot and cold water. The dimensions of bent pipes depend on the pipe diameter, bending angle, and bending radius. The bending angle is determined based on the actual construction site and construction drawings, and a template is used to check the bending angle of the pipe to meet the requirements.
The processing methods for irregular bent pipes differ from those for thick-walled bent pipes. Due to varying market demands in China, product designs, including pipes, have become diversified. If a product cannot meet market demands, irregular bent pipes are produced. Depending on the diameter of the designed irregular bent pipe, it can be divided into single pressing forming and multi-stamping forming. The shrinkage forming process of irregular bent pipes involves placing a blank with a diameter equal to the diameter of the pipe into the forming die. The metal is extruded along the die cavity by applying pressure in the direction of the target along the axial of the blank to form and shrink it. The expansion forming of steel blanks refers to the case where the diameter of the steel blank is smaller than that of different diameters, and the diameter of the end of the bent pipe is accepted.
The expansion process is mainly aimed at the diameter deviation of different diameters and is not easily shrunk. Sometimes, according to the needs of materials and product forming, expansion and contraction are combined. However, without the stamping process, the material consumption is low, and there is no need for additional heating equipment to form thick bent chips. Therefore, stamping is a material-saving and energy-saving processing method. In addition, the cost of stamped parts is relatively low, making this method popular among manufacturers.
In the stamping forming of thick-walled bent pipes, the die ensures the dimensional and shape accuracy of the stamped parts and generally does not damage the surface quality of the stamped parts. The die features long service life, stable stamping quality, and good interchangeability. It is easy to mechanize and automate.
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